Island



,.. A. AI'ILLINGHAST.

US YG FLECFRCAL TRANSMISSION 0F INTELLIGENCE BY WIRE.

Mmlcmmrv man SEP? 10,?913

APPARAT 1,353,000. PatentedSept. 14, 1920.

5 SHETS*SHEET 2.

ffiorn @y 5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Patented Sept. 14, 1920.

vi. A4 HLLINGHAST. MPARATUS FOR ELECTRICAL TRMJSMSSiON 0F !NTELLIGENCE BY WIRE.

AYPLECATIN FELED SEPT. I9, |918.

l 353,000. Patented Sept. 14, 1920 5 SHEYSvSHEET 4.

i ./OPH @y I. A. TILLINGHAST.

APPARATUS FOR ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION 0F INTELLIGENCE BY WIRE.

' APPLICATIUN FILED SEPT. I9, Ism.

1,353,000. Patented sept. 14,1920.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5- +IIIIIIIIIIII JAMES A. TILLINGHAST, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

APPARATUS FOR .ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION OF IN'DHIHIGENCE BY WIRE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 1.4-, 1920.

Application tiled September 19, 1918. Serial No. 254,812.

lle it known that 1. Jaulas A. Timiso- HAs'r, a Citizen of the llnited States. formerly residing at Providence, in th(` vonnly of lrovidenee and Stato oi" Rhode lsland, and now Vserving as an (insign in the United ,States Naval Reserve ["oree, have invented a new and useful Apparatus for Electrical Transmission of Intelligentie hy lire My invention is intended primarily as a moans for multiple electrical telegraphing, and I will describe it as applied to that purpose, although it may be useful for other purposes, such, for example, as photo` telegraphy.

Figure l serves to illustrate a plan View ol' a regulating station of my invention; Fig. 2 is an end View on line {Jr-Q, and Fig. 3 is an end View on line 3-3, of Fig. 1,; Fig 4 shows one of the stationary brushes, its metal disk. the shaft upon whivh itis mounted, and its insulation from the, shaft. Fig. serves to illustrate a plan View of a regulated or synchronized station; Fig. G is an end View of this station on line 6-6 of Fig. 5, and Fig. 7 is an end View on line '-T of Fig. 5; ltig. 8 shows the same elements at this statirn as Fig. 4 shows at the regulating station. :'l4`ig. il is a diagrammatic drawing indieating the merhanieal and eletriral reiations ol the` brushes. rommutator segments, and the switches of hoth the regulating tem and the operating system at :1 regulated or synchronized station; Figs. l() and ll are enlarged vdrawings of one form of switch; Fig. i2 is a diagran'imatiual drawing of a supplementary feature. otmy invention; and Figs. l and 14' are. diagrammatiral drank ings indirating a method of regulating or slvnrhronizing the entire devine hy using tho same wire :is that used for the transmission olf intelligenre.

.lt is advisable for an adequate understanding of my device to describe 'it in three sia-i'essive steps, each one preliminary to the next. As is rustornary in a' telegraph sys teni, so in my invention, any station may be. hoth a receiving and sending station. But with my .invention there. isone station with which all others are brought into unison of action or synchronized, and l have ralld this station the regulating station. For the sake of simplifying the description I shall assume that this is also thil sending station. and that the syxuhronized station is the reroiving station. Hut it must he understood that in plartif-o hoth stations may he hoth sending and receiving stations as i-n any other telegraph system. l shall, thoreforf., nsslunn in the following desrription that the station represented in Figs. ,1, 2, Il and Yl, whirh is the regulating station, is also the sending station. and that. represented in Figs. 5. l, Tand P4. which is a regulated or smchronized station, (there may he more t ian one of these). i; also tlnl rereiving station. The three steps abort` referred to will then he, first. a deseription oi the regulating or sending station; second, a desrription ol the regulated or synchronized station. ornitting therefrom any desrription of the switehes and their operation: and thirdf a desf'ription of vone lorin of suiteh. l will then further drsf'rihn an additional feature whirh may prove in prartiro to la.' nef'usalry. or at least advantageous?in some installations.

At the regulating station shown in Figs. l. 2, 3 and -lf there is a stationarxY disk or eonunutator, l. (-onstructed with a metal segment 2 which extends for onerighth. more or less. ot its cireumferi-lnee, and which is insulated not onlj7 from the,` rrniainder of the dish hut from all other parts exerpting onl \y the wirtattarhed thereto and hereinafter rleserilwd. Thora is also a shaft fl-rnoulued to rotate in proper supports ivf-1 and dri ven by an elertrir motor or other sourre of power. (not shown), hy nii-ans of a hand and the` groove-d palle)v llpon the shaft Il are mounted so as to rotate with it a nunihur oi metal disks, or ring eommntators, eight of whifh are marked 0 on Fig. l. lilarh of these ring eonmiutators is insulated VFrom every other and from the shaft. I have shown eight of these for the reason that l have chosen to desvrihe my apparatus as arranged for eight transmitting and rereiving instruments. il.. 'ninth disk 33 of exactly the saine ronstrurtion is part of the regulating or synrl'nonizing device as hereinafter de.- srribed. Also mounted on the shaft. 3 to rotate with it is a further disk T. which carries eight metal arms 8, (Fig. l), equally spaced from one another, and each of which arms vmust he insulated from disk 7 unless disk 7 is itself constructed of insulating material. Each arm R supports a` metal h'rush El, each of whifh is. as here shown, attarhed to its arm 8 so as to be in electrical connection commutators,

with it, and each of which bears upon the circumference of disk 1. (See more especially Fig. 2.) Bearing upon the circumference of each oi the metal disks 'or rin commutators is a brush 10, the other en of each of which is conveniently mounted upon a wooden or other non-conducting support 11, (Figs. 1 and 4), and each of which is furnished with a binding )ost 12 or other means for attaching Wires. lach of the ring 6, is electrically connected withl its arm 8 by one of the wires 16.

The wiring of the ap aratus thus far described is indicated in `'ign 1. wire 13 furnishes power from the battery or other source of electrical energy, the other pole being grounded as indicated at 14. A transmitting, (or receiving), instrument, here indicated at 15-15, is interposed between the Wire 13.9.nd each of the brushes 10. vThe main service Wire to the next station is indicated by 17 and is attached to segment 2 of disk or eommutator 1. It We assume that the other end of the' main service wire 17 is arranged to complete the electric circuit, and it the shaft 3 rotates at a considerable speed, for example several hundred rotations a minute, as the circuit is closed at any one of the make and break devices 15, a succession of electrical impulses will be transmitted to the main service wire 17 as that brush 9 which is electrieall connected, (in the manner already stated): with the particular device which-is closed passes over segment 2 of disk 1. Owing to the speed of the rotation these impulses are shorter than the dot of the Morse code.

i have thus far indicated the make and break device at 15 as a simple open switch. because in the operation of my device as a Whole either a transmitting device or receiving device or both may be used at this point. But in the further description of the operation of my device it will be more convenient to refer to 15 as a key, or transmitting device.

Each one of the eight brushes 9 will transmit` to segment Qand through it to the main Service wire 17 impulses received by the manipulation of its own key 15, and if all eight of these keys, `for example, are in use, an electrical impulse ftnni each key in succession will reach and be transmitted by the main service wire 17 its'particular brush 9 passes over segment 2. It now ive were to assume a similar device at the next station with its shaft and its attachments rotating at exactly the same speed as shaft 3, and that the impulses were received through the main service Wire, conducting segment, revolving brushes and arms, &c., to the ground, but that proper receiving instruments were inserted in the circuits at ifi-15, it is evident that the series ohelectrie impulses given by closing anygixven key 15 would always be transmitted to the same receiving instrument at the receiving station, and the inertia of the receiving instruments will prevent them from responding to each impulse and cause them to act in unison with the manipulations otthesending keys.

But while it is possible by means of properly wound motors` or other means to ca use two sets of brushes, such as 9--9 and "5-5, (see lFigs. 5 and (i), at widely separated stations to rotate at nearly the same speed, it may not be practicable to make them rotate so absolutely in unison as is necessary for the purpose, and the second and third steps of mv invention consist oi means for accompiishing the same result although as a matter of fact the two sets of brushes are not rotating at the same speed. 1 accomplish this by apparatus periodically selecting one of more or less numerous conducting segments of a commutator of quite similar construction, (except the number and widths of the segments), as commutator 1, and placing that segment or segments in electrical connection with the main service wire for a certain short interval of time. after which the same or some other segment or set of segments is placed in such electrical connection during the next time intervai.

Figs. 5, (i, 7 and @illustrate one of the regulated or synchronized stations. Much oi the apparatus shown in these figures is a duplication of that of the regulating station shown in the first four figures of the drawings, but the comlnutator 18, (Figs. 5 and (i), is made up of quite numerous metal segments 19 each insulated from all others and from everything else except the wires con.- nected with them and hereinafter described. The shaft Z0 is driven through a groovcd pulley 21, carries the eight metal ring commutators 22, (each insulated from every other and from the shaft 20), and the larger disk 23, to rotate with it. The larger disk 23 carries eight arms 24, each insulated from the disk 23, (unless that disk is itselfA inadc "of insulating material). and .att-.nehmt to the arms 24 are eight brushes 25 each bearing on the circumference of the commutator its. rThere arc also eight metal stationary brushes 26 each bearing upon one ot the ring commutators and mounted at its lower ond on a support or table 27, of wood or other insulating material, (see especially Fig. S). and each having its binding post 2H or other attachment for electric wires. 17 indicates the main service wire from the regulating station and interposed between it and the brushes 2G are electrical instruments, either keys or receiving instrument-s', or both, as the case may be, indicated by the openmakc and breaks at 29, and which for the sake of simplifying the description l will hereinafter consider as receiving instruments.

Each me the disks 22 is electrically connected with its own brush 25 by means of a wire 3l).

It will be perceived that thus far thev apparatus shown in Figs. 5, 6, 7 and ll is similar to that shown in Figsfl, 2, 3 and L1, eX- eept that the eommutator 18 as here shown consists of twenty-tour insulated segments instead of having a single one inserted in its structure as in Figs. 1 and 2. If thel shaft 20 could be made to rotate at exactly the same speed as shaft 3 of Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4, it would only be necessary to place. some one of the segments 1.9 ot Figs. 5 and G in the main service circuit in order that the brushes 25 as they sueeessively passed over it should complete a circuit for its particular receiving.r instrument. As it .is not practicable to make the two shafts at widely seimrated sta tions rotate in exact unison, the saine result may be attained by periodically and automatically select-ingr Some one or more of the segments 19 to be so placed in 'the service circuit and lteepimgr il; in that eircuit during short .intervals of time. The means for aeeou'iplishing this consists of two devices.- lirst, disks or eommutators and brushes very similar in construction to those already described, and sel-ond. certain switrhes. The` disks or eornniutators and brushes of the first device arr illustrated in Figs. l and 2l for the regulating station. and in Figs. 5 and T for a regulated or synchronised staw tion. The elements making up the electrical regulating eireuit at the regulating station and shown in Figs. 1 and 3 may1 be followed as follows: Wire 31, brush 32. ring eonunutator 33, wire 34, arm 35, brush 36, segment 37 inserted in and insulated from the remainder of the disk or eonmiutator.' 38, and lwire :ifs-the latter extending to the other stations and hereinafter referred to as the controller line wire. lt will he understood that the arm 3:3 is connected to the shaft 3 to revolve with it, as for example. hy the large dish lll here shown. and that the insulations arel the same as already described for the previously described rommutators and brushes.

The disk and brush device at the regir lated station illustrated in Figs. and 7 is of similar construction except that the disk is ron'iposed of nurnlirfuis.y (twrutyiour as shown). segments ear-h insulated from everything else except the wirr attaclued to Ille portion ot' the electrical circuit. shoving 1n Figs. i and T may he l'ollowwl as tol-l lowswthrough thdconrollcr line wirr Elfi whirh is to he umh-stood as confinsr from the regulating station, hrush 41. ring; commutator l-?. wiri- 45, armsls, hrush 45. and whiclwif'cr ol" the segments 4G and its atm taf-hcl! wire -lT ma)y he selected as herrinA after desrrilled. Assuming sona source ol' clccllil-al cnerj '}.'v and proper ground for wire Ill, or that it is otherwise arranged to rolnlflete an `electrical circuit, earh lime hrusi 8G passes over segment Il?, as it will at each rotation ol' the shaft l, au elcctrical impulse will pass over the controller line wire 39 and he transmitted to *o mauj.' of segments 4G asluush 45 passes over during the interval ot' time that lnush 236 is passing over segment 37, so that, as here shown, at. each rotation of shaft 3 we ha ve an eiertrical impulse transmitted to the regulated or .s yn- ('hI'OIliZPd Stations. 'il'es 4H, (Sonie onlir ,got which are shown on Figs. l and tl), are attached to segments 19, each to its own segr ment. Each of the wires si? from segments 4G, (some oixly of which are shown on Figs, 5 and 7), and each of the wires 49 from ses ments lll, are brought to different elements of a switch, there being' a switch l'm each set of wires as illustrated in diagram Fig. .l in whit-h AA indirates the switches. (For elearness only two switches are so marked). The segments of the eommutators are shown iu this figure separated one from another. but as all parts so tar described, hear ilicir correct numbers, theseheme can la readil)r seen. Referring primarily to the right hand portion of Fig. il. and assuming that all ol' the switches are open. the electrical impulse received over the controller line nire fill. (see right hand top rorner of drawiuggl. when lu'ush 3G oi' Figi. 1 pa s over segment IST Vwill close those ol llu-l swltehvs which are electrically connected hy wires lf with those segments l of Figs. 5 and T over which hrush `l5 passes during: the continuance of the impulse, and the closing;4 ol' the switrhes will complete cirruits for those segr ments 19, (see Figs. 5 and (l). with uhu-h they are electrically connected lay wires is" as more fully descrihed later.

At the regulated or sym-lironized station illustrated in Figs. 5, (i and T there also a lot-al governing oircuit a rraugml lo open any of the switches AA which happen if: he closed just hetore the controlling inuzulsc arrives from the regulating station. This circuit consists of brush nl). ring roinmv tator 5i. insulated wire 52, arm 535. lil-ash 54. (see Fig'. 7), and the surccssivc sevuients 46, as shown in Figs. 5 and T, the wir s il' attached to the segments lll, and wire 4S with its battery or other sourrc ot' clcrtriral IIliflfjl as illustrated in Vig. il, the sila-nits lacing completed hy attaching wir; lll lo wire Sill, as indicated. lt is believed that a reference to Fig. 9 will malte lmth the coutrolling circuit aud the loi-al governing ril ruit clear, it heilig assunwd that hz'ushcs fialand 45, as shown at. the right oi' that draw- In;r are moving to the left over seg'nunls lo. lt will llc observed that hrush 54 is arranged to hear upon that segun-nt 4G ol' Fig. T which ilnmediatellY precedes that upon which lu'ush 45 hears. As illustrated in Vig. l), wires i7 are attached to the windings of lill lll;

rvggnlating,r station wat .anllicient for tho on tiro rirt'nit. while in this moditit'ation there arr nntessarily two batteries, one l'or rarli oi tho local t'irtnita ol nhith Wirw fill' and 3W arr portions. Thu saine rolorcnrv nnnwrals designate the saine parts oi the.l trontrollingr merhanisrn in Fig. 14 as in Figs. T and diagram FigA SL and thil at-tion ot tho iltvirr` will liv readily nndvrstood without fnl-thm' duwription. This nwthod of rontrol pvi'niit`` thtl use ot' small altvl'natinga vnrronta whit'h will not intvrtnro with thu op vration of thtl tclngraph instrtnmlnt4 hy dir rnrt vnrl'ent :1S ordinarilyv mnploytd. The indtntivo rvsistanws HH and HE) aro dvsignwl to prevent the altornating i-ontrol rim-ont from alici-ting the telegraph instruments` at hither enel of the lino.` and tlnl ground lines titl and ill with thel condvnntrs l2 and .Q3 are` inserted im additional pietantions for tho saint purpose.

i haw already statnd that thtl form ot' switrh desvriisod ahorn and which l have hvrntot'ore natal may not hn the liest or mont adrantagnons. in all Caspa. Xvnrtain rvlation and :xlljnstninnt between tht` spttd oi' rotation ol` tho nwrhanixni at the transmitting and rta-citing: stations: thtnnmher and innrtia ol' the instrnnwnts employed for transmitting and more particularly for rt)- tviring the impulses: and the rharaoter of tht` siwitriias natal. is advantageous. it not` rnq'nirwl; and it may woll happen that one chai-a .or of switrh will prove hotter with Onrtain rat-wiring' instruments. and vwith rt-r tain agranda o' rotation. and another form with othtr inntrnnwnts and another Spted of rotation. lint, it is impossible to antit-ipatfy and tltsvriho what wiil prow(-` mostadvanta gnou in those rt-apvrta in actual practice.

Thr ulertrit'al impulson are` very short and ma)Y wrll provo advantagtonsa not to por init tlwso impulses to dirtctly affect the roreiviny inatrnmtnta, lint nso thorn to infloenrtloaal relay nivrhanislna which will yportnit longrvr ilnptilsew4 to directly atort thoae instruments. T have` illnatratrd diagramniatirally auch an additional nlechanixm in Fig. .--\vhere, however, for the salte of clear p two only l tbn eight receiving instrnnwnts aro indirated. In Fig. 9 the lorationa oil' tho receiving instrumentaI are indi-v oateti hy the naakt and break contatts at 20. in thtVl merhanisni illustrated in Fig. 1Q thesv rorriving il'intrnments are replaced by tinx 'switrhvs titi. whose mechanical construction thv :annil in all respects as those al1-vail): tivsrrihrti. rxt'upt that the spools of the niet tromagnrtb are wound with two wirvs7 indicated. but other foi-nn,` of .-.wil;rhv.-1 may prove to he advantagotms in practit'e. The receiving instruments are lotatod in relay Circuits, as at. 6?. The nain service wire 17 arriving from the other Station at the right of Fig. 12 passes to the switches 66 and conA slitntw: oon ot' thtl winding ot thtl t-letroniagnrt apoola. atti-r whit-h it` passim to the lll-lohn# 5. wgnnntr lil. and n'ilns as in thv otlivl I1-a n'inga. 'lhn nll'nt-t ol' thv relectrilal inplilws rtwrit'ial owl' wire' il' is. to lontl thoriotV thtA t\it:-ln;- titl through whiifh tho impida' i` pns'snitft-il to para hy liaison ot' its vii-snit tie-ingr f'oniplntnll. 'llhrrt` ii :L :wt'lillil lrilali tit* tol. navi) l|1|l.-li fa "n up rangial that it will iwal' or li'nah Upon that. wgnwnt tit Vinat in atlianl'n ol' that. npon nhith lirnah 155' lwai'a. 'l`l1o arranug'nnwnt in ixat'tly thv santo a thitwo lit-whoa Jil and l olA Fig and i. rxlopi that thorn artassulntd to lin night. svt of two lnnahra rarh in iwnl ol' om' svt. Thr artion otl tho vit-Units in n'liif'h thta lnmhns titi aro plawd ia alao tht` santo an that ot tht` tirtilil in \\'l\irh lii'nsh Tri is plarvd. nainnli'`r to opnn in torn :my witvhns whivh happnn to lin vloatai4 lho lattt'r vil'rnit.r` aa illnstratwi in Vig'. iL may lio tra-'tal la)` lla* nirey tlf! Jarting at thix ground indit-atial at thtright ot' thv drawing, nith ii-. hatte-r) :n imliratt-th tlnxni'i' pa inj through tlin would ol thiL tno windings upon tht `aliool ol thv ult-rtioniagtnfts, and to tho lirnaliw MN digna-ina 1?. and wirt-a #in lo gronntl. 'i'lw rtiziy tirtnitri containing thi Vomiting in-`tiitlnrnts iii vonirsin oiI itS hattnry at tht4x lot't ot' tht drawing and Wirtin ill. it lat-ing ninlnrst'ooil that` thorn rrt'nits aro conntt'tnd to thtI nvitrlios. titi in imac-tlv 'the Santo Inanner a wire-f` ln ara cnnnwtvd to the :iwitrhos .t.\ (Fig. fl). as hnrinlitlioro die4 svrilwd; that nhon an)v ono of thev awitrlits titi is viosutl thi" circuit. throngfh that witrh to it rorrnfpotnlingr rec-viving inatrotlwtlt iiv la c'onlpltttai 'l`ht rifnet oi' thi` additional trat or@ ol' ini' invention la to gnoiongi tht' nlnvt rival impidan afina-tirar thv rtwviring: inStrnnn-nt, sind inatnad of nat'h ol thirst* inatrlmnnta rewriting an impulsi on!)y d:lrin;r tht tinnlnnnl: is passing ovviA that wg'imnls lil which aio plat'ed in the vlvt'tiiral wirt-nit hy tho rloaingi of sWitrhu n'hii'li in thiapparatm` illntraterl van nrwr exnnod ono-nightli ol the` timo of rotation of shaft 2U. that' switrh titi which in rlohvd in that impulso will romain closed until. its hrnah G8 roniplatvf: a rire-nit. to open it. Thus4 tho interval of timo during` which switch (5G i closed and therohyper mits tht*` receiving Anitrnmont to he directly acted upon olrctriiaili, nearly a romplota revolution of Shaft 20, and thm-elly insbons the time` during which the afton of the de vitto is; dependant upon tho invrtia of thi.A r9- reiving: instrumenta.

The oletftrit'al impulsen are each for :i frat:- tion of one rotation ot' tho rotor, and tha time o a compiete rotation of the` rotor is less than the dot of the telegraph code. 'Conequently.` when my invention is naad for tniegraphic purpoaca, the inertia of' the rvceiving instrumenta. (or the additional ri lll5 il t) lay), permits the iinpulsesseut through each transmittinpr instrument to he regrouped into the dots and dashes ot' that ende and thereli)v reconstruct the message.

The regulating station shown in the lirst tonr figures ol the drawings has heen de- .si-ritual and illustrated in its simplest turni', hut it may well he that in praetice it will prove adrantageous to have it more nearly a dupliration nt' the merhanisni ol' the regulated station.

Although my apparatus has heen dcscribed with ,simple telegraph circuits` it is possible that the diplex, duplex, qnadruplexl or other systeins of telegraphy may he used to advantage in combination with it.

The werds intulligrncf a ml message," as used in the elailnsfare intended to includa all lorms uf transmissions over a wire` surh as lnr nxample phototelegraphy, as well as telegrapliic messages: and in like manner the exprt Asions transmitting instrnnwnts and rem-ning instruments, as used in the claims` are not intended to he limited to ordiuary telegraphie instruments, but to include any elertrienl device to control, i r 'to heV` cnntmlled h v. the electrical impulseshif the transnlissinn circuit.

l claim as my invention:

l. Electrical apparatus l'or transmitting` intelligem-e. cumprisingly a wire, distributing mechanism including a munliur of sets ut' instrmnents. earh ,Het ineluding a transmitting instrument. and a receiving; instrument. a plurality ol selective partial eireuits. and mechanism l" selectingr from time to time and ineludinn' in the transmitting: circuit su :is to he used by all the instruments in eummon that unit olthe selentive partial circuiti; which will enalilu the transmittingr and reccii'in; f` instruments nl" eaeh set to operate unall'ected in.' the operation ot' those ul an)F utllcr set.

e. l `.l.ctrical apparatus lor transmitting; iulfellignncc` comprisingn a wire, distributingr mrcluunsni. a portion ot' which is rotary. invinding a numlinr ot' sets of instruments each set ineludinglr a` transmitting instrlnnent and a rneeivinu' instrument. a plurality ol' seleetire partial circuits. and merhanisni l'ur helm-ting VFrum time tu time and incliulinglr in 'the transmitting cirenit so as to he used by all the instruments in lcommon that unit ol' tha uetective partial eireuits which will enalile the, transniittinpr and rrceirinLr instruments ol eat-l1 set to operate unatl'ncted h v thc operation ot' thnse ol any other set.

Il. A number ot' partial nleitrical ciireuts each containing a transmitting instrument. a luunlier uf partial eleetrieal eirruits eaeh containing a receiving' instrument. a partial elerfriral circuit fmnmon to all the instruments. mechanism making' elertriral conne:- tions laitween the partial common circuit and the partial circuits containing the transmitting instruments to permit the, passing of electrical impulses from such instruments sln-cessirely` mechanism for making elnctr cal connections between the partial common circuit and the partial circuits rruntainnpr the reeeiving instruments suecessively, and means for changing a part, of the partial connnnn rireuit so as to cause the impulses through earli transmittinplr instrument tu he received hy its own receiving instrument.

4. An eleetrieal circuit1 includingr a com mon partial eireuit, a distributing nieuha nism int-hiding a number of transmitting in. struments with `a device for making electrieal connections hetween thc common partial rin-uit and the transmitting instruments tu permit the passingr of electrical impulses through sneh instrunlents successively and includn1}r a number of receiving instruments als-ri with a device for making` elect'rieal ennmrtions hetncun tha eonnnnn partial eirenit; and the rereiringj instruments to permit the passage ot' the impulses through Such instruments auceessively, a eonnnutator composed nl ser eral segments. and means `for selecting l'rnin time to time and connecting as part nl the cnmmun partial rire-uit that unit of tho segments which will canse the elertrical impulses through eat'li transmitting ii'istrlnnent tn he received hy the predetermined eorre-` spundinp reeeirixng instrument.

."i. n apparatus tur transinittiimr at the same time several int-sangles aver an eleetrieal cirruit. eunnirising' a partial eirenit used iz. cunnuon hy all the messages, enmposed in p. .-t of a wire and in part of a unit of selectire partial eircuila, a distributing meeha-V nism includingr aei'rral sets ot' transmitting and rereiringin triunent e` merhanism` a pnrlinu ol' whirl] is rotary. to include .the transmitting inst rumenls sueeessively in the tranmnittinrr rirrni. and mechanism. a por-4 tion ot' uhirh rotary. to ineinde the; rerniringf instruna-irls snrrensirely in the` trans-` milling' circuit. a number of selertive partial ril-cuits, and merhanisn 'l'or selerting and ronneeting as part nl the partial eil-enit usril in commun hr all the messages surh unit ol' the selective partial ril-cuits as will oll'set or compensate an),v difference in the spied ot' the rotary port ions of the distributin;V me# lianisni and tlael'iliy ranse eat'h Set 0f transmitting and receivingr instruments to transmit and receive its own message.

(S. lrlerhfxnism lor l transinittingiv intelli-A Vrence @ver a wire` comprising in addition t0 the wire and several transmitting and Several rereiving instruments a rotary deviee for nuiltinglr electrical connections between the wire and the transmitting instruments sneeessirely to permit the passing uf islmrt eieetriral impulbes. a rotary fleriee fur also matting eleclrira runner-tions between the .rre and the reta-iving: instruments nueces- Sireiy. a eonnnutatnr composed 0f Several til segments. unil mechanism consisting of :i r0- tlm ice ami automatic switches Jfor selecting iran; time to time sume one ur more of the segments of tlu` cnnimutatnr und establishing tin* electrical circuits through it or lla-in fer ne inils of time in such manner that iin.) receiving; instruments will he synchromletl with the transmitting instruments and the impulses sent through each transmitting instrumenn will he received by its corre spending receiving instrument.

T. An apparatus for transmitting intellilgenre hy intermittent electrical impulses consisting of a partial circuit used in commun lq all the electrical transmitting impuls cnmposed in part of a Wire and in pari' of a unit of selective partial circuits, s number nf transnintting instruments und a number nl receiving; instruments. and timing mechanisms. n pei-tion of each of which is i'utary. in connect into the transmitting cir-V cuit intermittently the transmitting instruments smccssively unil the receiving` instrur ments succwslicly, n conuuntutnr ot' several segments and mea i' tur compensating time vnu-ations in the connections malle by the timing; nicrluinisnis by selecting ansi including in the common partial circuit such an unit oi' tlul segments of the commututnr as to permit each intermittent electrical im pulse to 'nc rereivefl h5' the predetermineil receiving insi'rument.

S. A device for transmitting intelligcnce over a Wire hy intermittent electrical impulses, comprisingr in aililition tn the wire. several sets of transmitting ,and receiving instruments. mechanisms for making elec-V trical cnnnectinns between the wire and the transmitting; instruments successively anni between the wire and the rcceiviiig instruments successively tu permit the passing of electrical impulses. and a timing ilevice een sisting of two moving portions. one operating :it the regulating station unil the other :it the regulated station. and means for cnmpensatilur differ-cuirs in the relative speeds of the (un portions liv automatically chang:- ing a part o "the circuit.

9. Apparatus jfor sending multiple 1ncssages comprising a partial circuit: useil in cnnnnun h v all the messages. composed in part olla Wirefanil` in purt of a unit of elw-five partial circuits. distributing merli- :anisni including transinitting;r mechanism which in turn incliules u numhcr of transnuttin;r instruments anrl receiving mechanism which in turn includes a number 0f receiving instruments; a number 0i" selec' tive partial circuits, :intl mechanism for ,si lect ing :unl including as Vari' of the partial i irruit il 't unit ot the sulla:l wirtial cir-A cuits 'vii l' r." synchronize :fansniitvv ting unil receiving mechanism hat the message ol umh transmitting instrument will he recciveil hy its correspnmling rc wiring instrument.

li). Apparatus for transmittingd intclligenre over a wire. rmnprising in addition to the wire. a nuinl'ier nl' transmitting invii-es through which electrical ilnpulscs pass to the wire successively. :intl a uunihcr ol n cciving devices. cnlnhineil with :i conuuutamr composed nf several segun-nts and controllingr mechanism which will pcrimlicalluv complete the electrical circuits through sounone nr more oi the segments of the commutator and thereby so synchronize the transmittingir and receiving devices that the iinpulses through each transmitting device will be received by its corresponding receiving device.

1l. Eicctricnl apparatus for trni'lsmitting intelligence. comprising n wire. ilistriluiting` mechanism including a nunilier of -"s el' instruments, euch set including u ti: nsmitting instrument :unl a receiving instrument. in :i relay circuit. a pluralitj,Y of suivi-tive partial circuits. :mil mechanism i'er selecting! troni time tu time` anfl including in thc transmitting f-.ircnit so as to he usr-il hy all the instruments in common that unit nl' the selective partir-il circuits which will cuaule thc transinittinz;y ansi receiving instruments of cach set to operate unalfertml il); tinnu' eration of those of any other set.

1Q iipparntus for sending multiple nics sages comprising :i partinl circuit used in con-unen by all thc messages. cmnpnsril in parl nl a wire unil in part nl n unit nf selw tive partial circuits. distributing mechanism including trzulsniittinrgf mechanism uhirli in turn inclueles a number of transmitting in struinents and recciviln;r IncrlmnAv n which in turn includes a numlwr ol rccciving in struzneuts: in relay circuits a nnnilicr nl' selective partial circuits.y and mechanism For selecting :unl including as part oi the partial circuit that unit of the selective partial circuits which will svnchronim the rausifnittinlhr mul receiving mechanisms so that the message ot' nach transmitting i cstruincut will he received h v its corresponding reci-iving instrument.

13. A number of partial electrical circuits each containingr a transmitting instrument. n number of partial electrical circuits each oiierating u relay clevice in n circuit: contain ing. ay receiving instrument, a partial electrical circuit common to all the other partial. electrical circuits, mechanism making electrical connections between the initial ronnnon circuit and partial circuits c ntaining;` the transmitting instruments tc permit the passing of electrical impulses from such instruments successively. meclnmism for melting electrical connections successively lie-tween the partial commun circuit and the partial circmts operating the relay .leivicesu 1 essen@ and means for changing a part cf the par tial common circuit so as t cause the iinpulses through each transmitting instrument tu be received hy its own relay dericc.

il. Electrical apparatus for transmitting intelligence, comprising a Wire` distributing mechanism, a portion 0f which is rotary, in chilling a number ci' sets 0f instruments. each set including a transmitting instrument :unl a receiving instrument, in a relay circuit` a plurality ci selective partial rirruits. and mechanism for selecting1 from time tc time and includingr in the transmittiniir circuit so to be used by all the instruments in common that unit of the lertive partial circuits which will enable the transmitting; :intl receivingr instruments (if each set t0 uperate unaffected hy the operation of those cii any other set.

if. .lin apparatus l'nr transmitting intelligfcnre hy intermittent electrical impulses consisting ui' a partial circuit useil in rcnr mini liy all thil electrical transmittingr im pulses` rcnlpcsuil in part of a wire autl in parl' nl a unit nF selective partial c'irruits, a number nl transmitting instrunnnts anti a nninla-r nl' rereiiingr instruments in relai' f-irrnils. :mel a irrire for makingr electrical winni-tions lirtwren the commun partial win-uit :in-.l the transinittiuginstruments tc permit the passing uf electrical in'ipulses mnlrnllrel by sncli instruments successively and a derive for making electrical connectinus` between the common partial circuit anal the receiving instruments to permit the 'centi-nl of such instruments by the succes `niitting sire impulses, a ccnimntntnr composed of several segments, and means for selecting from time t0 time and connecting as part of the common partipl circuit that unit of the segments which will cause the electrical impulses controlled by cach transmitting instrument tn control the predetermined c0r respmnling receivingF instrument.

lil. Apparatus for the electrical transmission of intelligence, comprising a partial circuit useil in common by the transmitting electricity; distributing mechanism with nther partial circuits not used in common by the transmitting electricity; a plurality nf selective partial circuits; and mechanism l'nr selecting trnm time tc time and connecting into the partial circuit used in common liy thc transmitting electricity as part therenf, that unit ci the selective partial circuits which will enable the transmitting electricity` tu convey theV intelligence.

l?. Apparatus for the electrical transmissinn Ut' intelligence, comprising n partial circuit used in common by the transmitting electricity; distributing mechanism, a p0rtinn ct' which is rotary, with other partial circuits not used in common hy the transelectricity; a plurality of selective partial circuits; and mechanism for selecting from time to time and connecting into the partial circuit used in common bythe :ransrnitting electricity as part thereof, that unit ot the selectiie partial circuits which will. enable the transmitting electricity t0 convey the intelligence. 4

JAMES A.. TILLINGHAST. 

